After breakfast we begin our tour of Istanbul. Previously known as Byzantium and Constantinople, the city of Istanbul is 2,600 years old. First, we visit the beautiful Rustem Pasha Mosque, which has 2,300 colored tiles and was designed by Mimar Sinan, a prolific Ottoman imperial architect. Next, we treat our senses to the nearby Spice Bazaar in Eminönü. Words cannot describe the extraordinary experience of walking through this three-century-old covered market. We enjoy a stroll through the Hippodrome (a public arena for sporting and social events since 203 AD) in the Old City. We tour the legendary Hagia Sophia (known initially as Megale Ekklesia or “Great Church”), the symbol of Constantinople and Istanbul. From the 6th century to the 15th century, Hagia Sophia served as an Eastern Orthodox cathedral and the seat of the Patriarchate of Constantinople. Today, it is a museum, where 12 centuries of beautiful mosaics are on display. Next, we stop at the 15th-century Topkapi Palace, the primary residence of the Ottoman sultans for over 400 years. We conclude our day with shopping at the Grand Bazaar, one of the oldest and largest covered markets in the world. The bazaar, which first opened in 1461 AD, comprises over 60 streets and welcomes up to 400,000 visitors each day to its maze of banks, cafés, fountains, shops, shrines, and workshops. We then return to our hotel for dinner and overnight.