We will bid farewell to Cambridge and head to the excitement and spectacle of London.
Thursday, October 14, 1943 proved to be one of the darkest days for the United States Eighth Air Force during World War II. It would be the disastrous crescendo to what had already been a costly few days for the Eighth Air Force.
With the heavy losses suffered over Bremen, Munster, Anklam, Marienburg, Danzig and Gdynia, the Eighth Air Force had now lost 78 heavy bombers in the matter of just three days. However, the target on October 14th would prove to be the most horrific and costly of "Black Week."
Mission 115 would take the Eighth Air Force to Schweinfurt, Germany to strike the ball bearing factories inside the city. Allied planners knew that crippling the production of ball bearings would have a devastating effect on the German war machine. For the gallant airmen on that fateful mission, it would forever be known as "Black Thursday." It became one of the largest and fiercest air battles of the entire air war.
With an attacking force of 229 American heavy bombers, the planned route would take the Eighth Air Force some 800 miles deep into Germany. As soon as the striking force crossed the Dutch coastline the battle ensued with the brunt of Luftwaffe (German Air Force) attacking the bomber formation with over 300 fighter aircraft.
By the end of the day, an astonishing 60 aircraft were lost due to enemy action, with the rest of the force suffering critical battle damage.
The mission to Schweinfurt inflicted heavy damage to German ball bearing production; however it came at a high price. The Eighth Air Force lost 642 airmen on that fateful day, which equated to an 18% loss ratio. The American daylight bombing campaign simply could not sustain such losses. Tactics and strategies had to change in order to continue the theory of daylight strategic bombardment.
You will have a remarkable experience in remembering that fateful day by visiting the Cambridge American Cemetery at Madingley on the 80th Anniversary of "Black Thursday." Hosted by two of the dedicated cemetery superintendents, we will tour these scared grounds which contain the graves of 3811 American war dead along with the vast, Wall of the Missing. We will have the opportunity to participate in a special memorial ceremony during our visit.
We will then enjoy lunch at the nearby The Three Horseshoes pub. Featuring a traditional English thatched roof, this pub dates back centuries and is well known for its charming hospitality and excellent country cuisine.
After lunch, we will head southward towards London, but before entering the city we have one very special stop to make. Wycombe Abbey is now an exclusive private girls’ school located on the western outskirts of London. During World War II, Wycombe Abbey served as the headquarters of the U.S. Eighth Air Force and Royal Air Force Bomber Command. Our group will tour the building where General Ira Eaker and General James Doolittle coordinated the Allied European bombing campaign with Royal Air Force Air Marshal Arthur Harris. A short presentation will tell the history of the building prior to our walking tour. Refreshments will be served to our guests during our exclusive visit.
Our group will then enter the capital of London where we will take residence at the five-star hotel, the Clermont - Charing Cross, located in the heart of the city. This opulent hotel offers our guests the finest in luxurious accommodations and fine dining. All the popular London sites of the city are just a few steps away from this incredible hotel.
London is at your feet as we let our guests explore the city and enjoy a dinner on their own.